What differentiates prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

The defining characteristic that differentiates prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus, while eukaryotic cells possess a true nucleus that houses their genetic material. In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is not contained within a membrane-bound nucleus; instead, it resides in a region called the nucleoid. This fundamental distinction plays a critical role in the structural and functional differences between these two types of cells.

Eukaryotic cells not only have a nucleus, but they also contain various membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, which compartmentalize cellular processes. This organization allows for greater complexity and specialization in eukaryotic cells, whereas prokaryotic cells, being simpler and usually smaller, perform all life functions within a single cellular structure.

The other options do not accurately describe the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For instance, both types of cells utilize enzymes for various biochemical reactions; however, the presence of enzymes is not a distinguishing factor. Additionally, contrary to what one option suggests, eukaryotic cells can also be quite large, and some prokaryotic cells can be smaller or