What is a hallmark symptom of multiple myeloma?

A hallmark symptom of multiple myeloma is the development of osteoporosis, also known as bone loss or bone fragility. In multiple myeloma, malignant plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow, leading to an imbalance in the process of bone remodeling. This results in decreased bone density, making bones more susceptible to fractures and pain. Patients with multiple myeloma often experience bone pain, particularly in the back, ribs, and hips, which is a direct consequence of this osteoporosis.

Other symptoms associated with multiple myeloma may include anemia, renal impairment, and increased susceptibility to infections, but osteoporosis is particularly significant in the context of the disease and often indicates the presence of bone lesions. This is a crucial aspect of the patient's clinical presentation and helps guide diagnosis and treatment strategies. The connection between multiple myeloma and skeletal health is an important factor in managing and understanding the progression of the disease.