What is typically the resting membrane potential in a neuron?

The resting membrane potential in a neuron is typically around -70 mV. This value arises from the differential distribution of ions across the neuronal membrane, particularly sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), and other ions. The resting potential reflects a state where the inside of the neuron is negatively charged relative to the outside, mainly due to the high permeability of the membrane to potassium ions, which tend to move out of the cell, coupled with the lesser permeability to sodium ions.

This negative charge is essential for the function of neurons, allowing for the generation of action potentials when depolarization occurs. The -70 mV value serves as a baseline from which neuronal excitability can be modulated. It is important to understand that this value can vary slightly depending on the specific type of neuron and the environment, but -70 mV is widely accepted as the typical resting membrane potential for most neurons.