Which bodily systems are most affected by chemotherapy and radiation therapies?

The correct choice highlights the primary systems impacted by chemotherapy and radiation therapies, which are notably the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and skin, including hair follicles.

Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, which are abundant in the gastrointestinal lining. As a result, patients often experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal disturbances. Bone marrow, where blood cells are produced, is also severely affected, leading to decreased production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This can result in anemia, increased risk of infection, and impaired blood clotting. Additionally, the skin, particularly areas with high cell turnover such as hair follicles, is vulnerable to these treatments, causing side effects like skin rashes and hair loss.

Understanding the effects on these specific systems is crucial for managing symptoms and side effects in patients undergoing cancer treatments. This knowledge supports healthcare providers in delivering comprehensive care and helps patients anticipate potential challenges during their treatment journey.